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History of the Jews in Bulgaria
Jews have had a continuous presence in historic Bulgarian lands since before the 2nd century CE, and have often played an important part in the history of Bulgaria.
Today, the majority of Bulgarian Jews live in Israel, while modern-day Bulgaria continues to host a modest Jewish population.
==Roman era==
Jews are believed to have settled in the region after the Roman conquest. Ruins of "sumptuous"〔 second century synagogues have been unearthed in Philipopolis〔 (now Plovdiv), Nikopol, Ulpia Oescus〔 (modern day Gigen, Pleven Province), and Stobi〔 (now in Macedonia).〔 The earliest written artifact attesting to the presence of a Jewish community in the Roman province of Moesia Inferior is a late 2nd century CE Latin inscription found at Ulpia Oescus bearing a menorah and mentioning ''archisynagogos''. Josephus testifies to the presence of a Jewish population in the city. A decree of Roman Emperor Theodosius I from 379 regarding the persecution of Jews and destruction of synagogues in Illyria and Thrace is also proof of early Jewish settlement in Bulgaria.
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